Dental Extraction - A dental extraction also known as exodontia is the process of removal of a tooth from the mouth. Extractions are carried out for number of reasons, comprising of tooth decay which has destructed enough tooth structure to forbid restoration. Extractions of affected or problematic wisdom teeth are commonly done, as are extractions of few permanent teeth to create space for orthodontic treatment.

Reasons for tooth extraction

Commonly known reason for extraction is damage of the teeth due to decay or breakage. Along with this there are many other reasons for tooth extraction:
1) Serious tooth decay or infection – In spite of decrease in the number of world-wide dental caries, it still continues to be the most common reason for extraction
2) Extraction of extra teeth which block other teeth from coming up.
3) Serious gum disease which harms the tissues and bones of teeth.
4) Extractions due to some orthodontic treatment like braces.
5) Extractions of teeth situated in the fracture line.
6) Extractions of fractured teeth.
7) Not enough space for wisdom teeth results in their extraction.
8) Sometimes experiencing radiation to the head and neck may also require extraction of teeth.


Types of Dental Extraction

Extractions are frequently categorized as "simple" or "surgical".
Simple extractions are generally carried out on teeth that are visible with naked eyes in the mouth. Normally performed under local anaesthesia, and involve the use of instruments only to raise or grasp the visible portion of the affected tooth. Typically the tooth is lifted using an elevator, and using dental forceps, rocked back and forth until the Periodontal ligament has been sufficiently broken and the supporting alveolar bone has been adequately widened to make the tooth loose enough to remove. Typically, when teeth are removed with forceps, slow, steady pressure is applied with controlled force.

Surgical extractions involve the removal of teeth that cannot be easily accessed, either because they have broken under the gum line or because they have not erupted fully. Surgical extractions almost always require an incision. In a surgical extraction the doctor may elevate the soft tissues covering the tooth and bone and may also remove some of the overlying and/or surrounding bone tissue with a drill or osteotome. Frequently, the tooth may be split into multiple pieces to facilitate its removal.

When is tooth extraction necessary?

in case of illnesses involving pain and extended inflammations, if there is no other solution because of the extended inflammation, the surrounding tissues have to be protected, along with the other teeth
in case the disease is not painful, but the broken, loosened tooth cannot be use for further tooth replacement fortunately, most teeth deemed irredeemable by the patient can still be saved

Extracting wisdom teeth

Before extracting wisdom teeth, the doctor is informed of the condition of the tooth, and the surrounding anatomical parts by a panorama X-ray.

A wisdom teeth operation may involve a flap establishment or the unification of the scar margins with stitches. Of course, this is completely painless. The benefit of the adequate size of sawing pin is that it can be removed without pain in the end, it almost slips out of its place.