Spider silk is a type of natural biomaterial that performs exceptionally well. Its mechanical characteristics and biocompatibility are unmatched by any other natural or synthetic material. The structure and features of natural spider silk demonstrates the importance of spider silk and spider silk bionic materials in research. Then, from the standpoints of material mechanical characteristics and application, the current state of spider silk bionic materials is examined. The biocomposites are based on spider silk proteins and spider silk fibres, nanomaterials, and man-made fibre materials are all necessary.

The concepts and features of novel materials, as well as their prospective uses, are discussed in recent research works. In addition, the most recent uses of spider silk biomimetic materials in the sectors of medicine, textiles, and sensors are reviewed, and the inspiration, feasibility, and performance of final products are briefly introduced and assessed from the standpoint of practical applications.

Natural spider silk is a biomaterial made up of natural proteins secreted by spiders through their silk glands. It's an elastic fibre of some sort. It is one of the best materials that nature has to offer. People have a basic idea of the application value of spider silk thousands of years ago.

Researchers prefer genuine spider silk because of its superior mechanical strength, temperature adaptability, and composition, whereas spider silk fibre has a high specific strength, great elasticity, and super toughness that is unmatched by other natural and synthetic fibres.

Spider silk technology today encompasses a wide range of disciplines and domains, including biology, chemistry, and polymers. The mechanical characteristics and biocompatibility mechanism of spider silk should be further researched from the perspective of molecular composition and structure in the future, and its application should be used to improve the design of artificial fibres or boost the performance of other materials.
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