The battery capacity is an important measure of battery performance. Generally safe when used to represent. Discharge time (hours) and the discharge current (amps), collectively, namely capacity = discharge time and discharge current the actual capacity of the battery, depending on the battery How much more utilization of the active material and active substance The active substance is the amount of active material utilization is higher, the greater the capacity of the battery. Conversely smaller capacity, many factors affect the battery capacity, a common the following:
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Impact (1) The discharge rate of the battery capacity
Lead-acid battery capacity increases with the discharge rate decreases, that the greater the discharge current, the smaller battery capacity is calculated such as a 1Ah battery, with a 5A discharge can put two hours, or 52 = 1; Then When used 1A electrical discharge only 47.4 minutes of release, combined .79 hours, its capacity is only 1.79 = 7.9 Ann for a given battery discharge rates at different time, will have different capacities. We are talking about capacity at You must know when the discharge rate, or ratio. Simply say is how much the current discharge.
(2) The effect of temperature on battery capacity
Temperature effects on lead-acid battery capacity is large, generally with temperature drop at the end, the relationship between the decline in capacity, capacity and temperature, such as:
C 1 = C 2/1 + k (1- 2). 1 2 are the temperature of the electrolyte, k is the temperature coefficient of capacitance, C 1 temperature is 1 Capacity (Ah), C 2 is the temperature when 2 Capacity (Ah) in battery production standard, generally set a standard temperature rated temperature as specified for the actual temperature 1, 2 standard temperature (usually 25 degrees Celsius) affected the negative plate than positive plate low temperature sensitive. When the electrolyte temperature decreases, the viscosity of the electrolyte increases, greater resistance by ion diffusion capacity decrease, the electrolyte resistance is increased, so that the electrochemical reaction resistance increases, part of the lead sulfate can not be properly converted.
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decreased charge acceptance, resulting in decreased battery capacity.
(3) the termination voltage of the battery capacity
When the battery is discharged to a certain voltage value after a voltage sharp decline in energy actually gained very little, if long-term deep discharge of the battery damage is considerable. Therefore, the discharge must be terminated at a certain voltage value, the cut-off discharge voltage called discharge voltage. Setting discharge voltage, prolonging battery life is significant. Usually we repair electric vehicle batteries, electric motorcycle battery discharge termination voltage of 1.75 volts per cell, that is a 12-volt battery 6 cell, its discharge voltage is 61.75 = 1.5 volts.
(4) Effect of plate geometry battery capacity
When a certain amount of active substance, in direct contact with the electrolyte plate geometry area increases, increasing the battery capacity, so that the plate geometry, on the battery capacity can not be ignored.
① impact on the capacity plate thickness
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A certain amount of active substance, the battery capacity decreases with increasing plate thickness, plate thicker, sulfuric acid and active material, the smaller the contact surface, the lower the utilization of the active material, the smaller the battery capacity.
② effect on the capacity of the plate height
In the cell, the active material utilization upper and lower parts of the plate, there are big differences, experiments confirmed that the initial discharge, the upper plate than the lower current density is about 2.5 times higher than the ~ 2-fold, with the difference the passage of discharge is gradually reduced, but the upper than the lower part of the current density.
③ impact on the capacity of the plate area
A certain amount of active substance, the greater the area of ​​the plate geometry, the higher utilization of the active material, the greater the capacity of the battery is the same as in the battery case, the case of the same active material, a thin plate sheet plate increases the number of which is increasing the effective reaction area plates, thereby improving the utilization of the active material, increasing the battery capacity.
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