L-Serine is classified as a nutritionally non-essential amino acid. While the main source of essential amino acids is from the diet, non-essential amino acids are normally synthesize by humans and other mammals from common intermediates. As shown below, L-serine is biosynthesized from a glycolytic intermediate, 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG), in a three-step process involving the enzymes: 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3-PGDH), phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT), and phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP).

L-Serine can also be derived in a reversible reaction from glycine; through degradation of protein and phospholipids; and through dietary intake. The primary pathway maintaining adequate serine concentrations is likely to depend on tissue type and stage of development.

L-Serine plays a role in cell growth and development (cellular proliferation). The conversion of L-serine to glycine by serine hydroxymethyltransferase results in the formation of the one-carbon units necessary for the synthesis of the purine bases, adenine and guanine. These bases when linked to the phosphate ester of pentose sugars are essential components of DNA and RNA and the end products of energy producing metabolic pathways, ATP and GTP. In addition, L-serine conversion to glycine via this same enzyme provides the one-carbon units necessary for production of the pyrimidine nucleotide, deoxythymidine monophosphate, also an essential component of DNA.
L-Serine deficiency is a rare, inherited, metabolic disorder of L-serine biosynthesis. The majority of the cases reported in the literature so far show a decrease in 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3-PGDH) activity resulting in low fasting serum and CSF L-serine levels. Children with L-serine deficiency present with congenital microcephaly, then go on to develop severe psychomotor retardation and intractable seizures.

Two mutations have been identified in the gene encoding human 3-PGDH located on chromosome one (1p12 or 1q12). These mutations result in a substitution of valine for methionine at position 490 (V490M) of the enzyme in most of the cases reported, or a V425M substitution in one reported case (Klomp et al, 2000, Pind et al, 2002).

A single case of 3-phosphoserine phosphatase (3-PSP) deficiency has also been reported resulting in low CSF L-serine levels. No molecular data were reported on this patient.

The global L-serine market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.8% within expectations.

L-serine is mainly used for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical intermediates. According to the analysis, L-Serine global market demand has reached 10,000 tons in 2013, and the market appears the state of demand exceeds supply.

Technical content of L-serine is very high, so its price is very expensive, currently the market price is about US $ 73,400 per ton.

Currently the companies which have this technology include TCI, Ajinomoto, BioSpectra, Evonik Industries, Montiff, Douglas Laboratories, EMMX Biotechnology etc..

Read Full Report: http://www.gosreports.com/2015-market-research-report-on-global-l-serine-industry/

Joanna | Executive – International Business and partner Relations
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