Energy saving opportunities in rice mills: paddy cleaner blower operates throughout the year and hence its system efficiency should be analyzed; The hot water after soaking may be wasted as a drain that represents enthalpy loss; The dryer blowers should be studies and efficiency of the system established, depending upon the site conditions and best remedial action needs to be evaluated; The condensate from the dryers could well be flashing away which represents heat loss that is recoverable; The system efficiency of the de-husker and pre-cleaner blowers should be studies, depending upon the site conditions, best remedial action needs to be evaluated; The efficiency of the power blower should be studies and depending upon the site conditions, best remedial action needs to be evaluated. Also there may be a huge pressure drop across the silencer and system modified may be required to avoid the same.

Rice in storage in Thailand is often infested with stored insect pests. Local rice milling factories in this region are unwalled employing a traditional open-air ventilation system and therefore insect pests easily attack the stored rice. The factories keep the rice for a few months to a year and do not usually clean the premises after the milling operation. The unclean environment becomes a suitable habitat for reproduction of insect pests, and consequently insect infestations on rice increase during storage.

We set up two rooms (cleaned and uncleaned) to examine the effect of cleaning on stored rice grains. Bags of paddy, brown and milled rice were placed in the two kinds of rooms for one year to observe population dynamics of the insects and infestations caused by the pests on the rice. We found fewer insects in the milled rice than in paddy and brown rice but suggest that cleaning of the storage premises may decrease grain losses on all the types of rice.

Improper cleaning usually results in grain loss and lower head rice recovery in mills. Cleaning helps to reduce bulkiness during subsequent post-harvest operation. You should remove straw pieces, unfilled grains and other foreign materials. Cleaning and winnowing can be done manually, using wind energy or with the use of machines. You can use traditional winnowers like the winnowing basket and wooden boxes with perforations. Cleaning removes unwanted materials like straws, chaff, weed seeds, soil particles and rubbish from the grain. It improves grain storability, reduces dockage during milling, gives good quality milled rice and improves the milling output. It also reduces insects, pests and disease infestation.

Rubber roller husker is mainly used in paddy hulling and separating rice from hulls. It is special equipment in rice reorganization construction segment, mainly used to remove brans in white rice and excess water, reduce rice temperature. It has gearbox and once a new roll is installed, there is no need to dismantle anymore. The structure is well sealed and thus avoids the leakage of rice. It is very easy in installing and dismantling roll, operate secure and minimized noises.

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