The Effluent Treatment Plant is one of the Sewage or Wastewater Treatment Plants that are used by Industries, Factories, buildings, etc., to treat the wastewater which is released. The wastewater should not be released directly to the water bodies as they tend to pollute it in a very drastic way. As we all know about the water pollution that is increasing day by day and we tend to find harmful bacteria, viruses, pathogens, dirt and dust particles, chemicals, plastic and metal particles and what not which makes the water unsafe for consumption.

Although Effluent Treatment plants are very huge in size to comply with all the mechanisms to treat the water by passing it from different chambers. To reduce the environmental impact numerous municipal and industrial wastewater treatment facilities use different types of bacteria and other microbes in the process of cleansing of sewage.

As there are mainly two types of Bacteria that take part in the treatment of wastewater –

Anaerobic Bacteria – These are those kinds of bacteria that do not require oxygen to survive, produce less amount of energy and tend to have high density as they settle down at the bottom of the liquid.
Eg. E. Coli

Aerobic Bacteria – Totally opposite to the anaerobic ones these bacteria need oxygen to survive and produce large amounts of energy. Tend to have a lower density as they remain on the surface of the media or liquid.
Thus an Effluent Treatment Plant in order to effectively biodegrade and bio separate sewage treatment plant (STP) sludge, it was biologically treated in the lab using a potentially clean bacterial culture (Bacillus sp.).
Evaluation of the effective and efficient bioconversion was made possible by the treatment of pre-existing microorganisms (uninoculated) in sludge and pure bacterial culture. The ideal process parameters were employed for the biological treatment of sludge with chemical oxygen demand (COD) set at 30 mgL, which included temperature of 40 degrees C, pH of 6, inoculum of 5% (v/v), aeration of 1%, and agitation speed of 50 rpm (-1). The results showed that treating the treated sludge with a pure bacterial culture (Bacillus sp.) resulted in more significant degradation and separation than treating it with a pre-existing mixed microorganism in a stirred tank bioreactor.


Hence, Microorganisms play a very vital role in treating the wastewater. The factories and industries setup the ETP to overcome this. Releasing safe and pure water into water bodies such as rivers, seas and oceans will reduce the rate of water pollution in a very large amount. If Wastewater is not treated it can harm the environment and in fact the bacterial contamination and several water borne diseases can be spread very easily and more frequently. One chain to the another if waste water is released directly to the water bodies it does not only impact human but also the whole ecosystem which consist of the plant, animals, fishes, and environment.