Introduction to Java programming

JAVA was developed in 1991 by Sun Microsystems Inc and later acquired by Oracle Corporation. It was developed by James Gosling and Patrick Naughton. It is a simple programming language. Writing, compiling and debugging a program is easy in java. It helps to create modular programs and reusable code.

Java Virtual machine (JVM)
This is generally referred to as JVM. Before that, we discuss the phases of program execution via JVM. The phases are as follows: we write the program, then we compile the program, and finally we run the program.
1) the writing of the program is of course done by java programmers like you and me.
2) the program is compiled by javac compiler, javac is the primary java compiler included in the java development kit (JDK). It takes java program as input and generates java bytecode as output.
3) in the third phase, JVM executes the byte code generated by the compiler. This is called program run phase.

Bytecode
As mentioned above, javac compiler from JDK compiles the java source code into bytecode so that it can be executed by JVM. The byte code is stored in A.Class file after compiler.

Java Development Kit (JDK)
While I explain JVM and bytecode, I used the term JDK. Let's discuss it. As the name implies, this is a Complete java development kit that includes JRE (Java Runtime Environment), Compiler and various tools such as JavaDoc, Java debugger, etc.
To create, compile and run Java program, you need JDK installed on your computer.


Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
JRE is part of JDK, which means that JDK JRE. If you have JRE installed on your system, you can run a java program, but you cannot compile it. JRE includes JVM, browser plugins, and applets support. If you only need to run a java program on your computer, you only need the JRE.





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Main features of JAVA

Java is a platform-independent language
Java is an object-oriented language
Simply
Robust Language
Java is distributed
Java is Safe
Multithreading
Portable


How do I declare a variable in Java
To declare a variable, follow this syntax:
variable_name data_type = value;

here, the value is optional because in java you can declare the variable first and then later assign it to the value.

Types of variables in Java
There are three types of variables in Java.
1) Local variable 2) Static (or class) variable 3) instance variable


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