Heparin is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan of mixed composition, released by the mast cells and blood basophils. It is used as the calcium or sodium salt in the prophylaxis and treatment of clotting disorders, blood transfusion, and blood sampling. Heparin augments the activity of anti-thrombin III, a natural compound that inhibits activated clotting factors. Furthermore, heparin has been found to inhibit substances that may contribute to angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor, tissue factor, and platelet-activating factor.

The Europe heparin market has been studied from two perspectives: by products and by countries. Based on products, the market has been segmented into three categories: unfractionated heparin, low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and ultra-low molecular weight heparin (ULMWH). Unfractionated heparin is an anionic mixture of highly sulfated linear glucosamine-glycans having molecular weight ranging from 3,000 to 30,000 Da. Unfractionated heparin as anti-coagulants is majorly consumed in hospitals as prophylaxis or treatment of thrombotic disorders and dialysis. Occurrence of bleeding disorders and low application areas are among the key restraints to the unfractionated heparin market in the Europe.

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LMWHs are extracted by the enzymatic or chemical depolymerization of unfractionated heparin. Pertaining to high demand for LMWHs during various surgical procedures and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) disease, its demand is anticipated to grow in forthcoming years. Ultra-low molecular weight heparin has molecular weights less than 4000 Da with enhanced anticoagulation activity as compared to low molecular weight heparin. Majority of the research and development activities in Europe are intended to compare the activities of ULMWHs with LMWHs in cancer and neurological disorders which if receives market approval will have positive impact on the Europe heparin market. However high cost of ULMWHs would be a major drawback for the sales of product in near future.

Geographically the market has been segmented into EU5 countries i.e. United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, Germany and Rest of the Europe. The German heparin market in 2013 accounted for the largest market share due to high demand for LMWHs and unfractionated heparin products. Moreover, number of surgical procedures such as cardiovascular surgeries, knee and hip replacement and Caesarean sections among others that are performed in Europe is relatively higher as compared to other European countries.

Followed by Germany is France where the heparin market is growing rapidly due to increasing incidence and prevalence of coagulation disorders over the last few years. Astonishingly, France being a conservative market, the consumption of unfractionated heparin is high as compared to other EU5 countries. However, in forthcoming years the market will follow trends similar to Germany, especially with respect to LMWHs.

According to the NHS, one in three patients who undergo hip or knee replacement without thrombophylaxis develops asymptomatic DVT, while one in 30 suffer from symptomatic VTE. Recently, chief medical officer (CMO), the Department of Health in the U.K. published an operating framework which requires risk assessment to be done for thrombosis in a minimum of 90% of patients admitted to hospitals. Such factors would propel the demand and growth of heparin in the U.K. Spain and Italy market have low contribution among the EU5 countries with respect to market revenues.

The United Nations (UN) projects that Spain would be the world’s oldest country by 2050. This is a major factor attributed to an increased risk of thrombosis, which would further propel demand for heparin in the region as aging is proportional to incidence of VTE. Major players in the heparin market in Europe such as Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., GlaxoSmithKline plc, Leo Pharma A/S, Pfizer, Inc., Sanofi S.A., and Syntex S.A. Recently in 2013, GSK’s divested and sold its heparin products Fraxiparine and Arixtra product to Aspen Pharma.

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