Fadal 1400-5C CPU Board, PCB-0030: The Heart of Your CNC Control System

The Fadal 1400-5C CPU Board (PCB-0030) is a critical component in Fadal CNC machines, especially in the later models of their Vertical Machining Centers (VMCs). As the central processing unit of the CNC control, this board is responsible for executing part programs, issuing commands to other components, and managing inputs and outputs. Understanding its functionality, specifications, and upgrade options is key to maintaining and optimizing the performance of your Fadal machine.
Evolution of Fadal CPU Boards

Fadal has produced several versions of its CPU boards throughout the history of its CNC machines, each designed to improve performance as new technology and microprocessors became available. The very first version, compatible with the VMC45 and early VMC40 models, was the 1400-1 board. As newer versions of Intel microprocessors emerged, Fadal released subsequent versions, such as the 1400-2 board, and continued to improve the board’s capabilities with each revision. The 1400-5C CPU Board (PCB-0030) is the latest iteration, offering advanced features and improved performance for modern Fadal machines.
Functionality of the 1400-5C CPU Board

The 1400-5C CPU board serves as the central brain of the CNC system. It manages the machine’s operations by processing and executing the part program, issuing commands to other control boards, and continuously monitoring input signals to ensure the proper functioning of the machine. The board communicates with other essential components, such as the Computer Interface Board (1030-1C), Video Graphics Board (1420-4A), and Program Module (1610-1), to facilitate seamless machine operation.

A key feature of the 1400-5C CPU Board is its 38KB of battery-backed memory. This memory is crucial for storing essential CNC data such as part programs, tool data (including tool length and diameter), fixture offsets, setup parameters, and backlash data. Over time, Fadal expanded this memory capacity with additional options of 4MB, 8MB, and 16MB, enabling greater flexibility and performance for more complex machining tasks.
Memory Expansion and Upgrades

While the 1400-5C CPU Board comes with 38KB of onboard memory, Fadal made provisions for memory expansion. Additional memory boards can be plugged into the CPU to increase its storage capacity. The PCB-0041 expansion board provides 384KB of memory, while the PCB-0042 offers 4MB, PCB-0043 offers 8MB, and PCB-0044 offers 16MB of memory. While memory expansion is not mandatory, upgrading to larger memory sizes can significantly improve the machine's performance, especially for handling larger and more complex part programs.

For older versions of the 1400-5A CPU, upgrading to the 1400-5C is possible by changing the crystal from 50MHz to 48MHz and then installing one of the available memory expansion boards. This upgrade process enhances the machine’s capability and allows it to use the expanded memory options.
Integration with Other Components

The 1400-5C CPU Board communicates and integrates with several other boards to complete the CNC system. The processor bus board connects the CPU to the Computer Interface Board and Video Graphics Board. The Video Graphics Board handles the video signal and graphics, ensuring that the operator has clear visual feedback of the machine’s operation. The Program Module (1610-1) houses the control software and works with the CPU to ensure that the CNC machine operates according to the user’s input.
Safety and Maintenance Considerations

Like all electronic components, the 1400-5C CPU Board requires careful handling and maintenance. Before performing any work on the CPU board or other components, it is crucial to consult the instruction manual and follow the safety and operating instructions provided by Fadal. Only use certified, brand-approved parts to ensure optimal performance and avoid damage to the system. Additionally, always disconnect power to the machine before upgrading or replacing parts to prevent electrical shock or equipment malfunction.

For more complex issues or upgrades, it is recommended to enlist the help of qualified service personnel. They can properly diagnose problems and perform repairs or upgrades with precision, ensuring that the Fadal VMC machine remains in optimal working condition.
Conclusion

The Fadal 1400-5C CPU Board (PCB-0030) is an essential component that drives the performance and functionality of Fadal CNC machines. With its advanced features, memory expansion options, and ability to integrate with other key components, this board ensures efficient and precise operation of your Fadal VMC. Whether you are upgrading an older machine or maintaining an existing one, the 1400-5C CPU Board offers the reliability and performance needed to keep your CNC operations running smoothly. By understanding its capabilities and taking advantage of available upgrades, you can ensure that your Fadal machine continues to meet your manufacturing needs for years to come.