A photonic integrated circuit (PIC), as the name suggests, makes use of photons to carry data, as opposed to electronics that make use of electrons to do the same. A PIC essentially integrates two or more photonic functions to form an integrated optical circuit. Photons, with their attribute of traveling at the speed of light, have made the development of highly sophisticated optical chips a reality by improving the speed of data transfer. With a never-ending demand for high data speeds and the subsequent investments by companies to cater to this need, the global photonic IC market is expected to benefit immensely.

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Putting this growth into numbers, Transparency Market Research, a market intelligence and consulting firm, predicts that the global photonic IC market will touch US$1.3 bn by the end of 2022, rising at a CAGR of 25.3% from 2015 through 2022. In 2013, the global photonic IC market was valued at US$0.19 bn.

Cost and size reduction achieved by integrating different optical components, including detectors, modulators, and lasers, into a single distinct package is the major factor driving the photonic IC market. In addition, benefits offered in terms of efficiency, transfer speed, transmission capacity, and power consumption have ensured market penetration into varied end-use verticals such as metrology, aerospace and defense, healthcare, telecommunication, industrial, and data communication. Lack of digitization, coupled with design and packaging challenges related with the photonic integration, have inhibited the swift growth of photonic ICs. Commercialization of quantum computing (expected by 2018) is predicted to offer tremendous growth opportunities for the photonic IC market.

Photonic IC Market, By Integration Type

> Monolithic Integration
> Hybrid Integration
> Module Integration

Hybrid integration was the major integration technique used for photonic integration, accounting for 56.8% of the global market revenue in 2013. Although it is expected to remain the major integration technique over the forecast period, monolithic integration is expected to exhibit the maximum growth, growing at a CAGR of 26.5% during 2015–2022. On the other hand, the module integration technique is expected to witness a fall in the revenues owing to its inferior integration capabilities as compared to hybrid and monolithic integration techniques.

Photonic IC Market, By Raw Materials

> Indium Phosphide
> Gallium Arsenide
> Lithium Niobate
> Silicon
> Silicon-on-Insulator
> Others (Silica-On-Silicon, Silicon Dioxide (SiO2), Silicon Nitride (Si3Ni4))

Indium phosphide and Silicon-on-Insulator collectively accounted for over half (60.9%) of the global market revenue in 2013. The dominance of indium phosphide is majorly on account of its ability to integrate opto-electronic functions into an optical system chip monolithically. In addition, the benefits offered in terms of size, speed, energy efficiency, and cost of fabrication and packaging have further ensured its dominance.

Photonic IC Market, By Components

> Lasers
> Modulators
> Detectors
> Attenuators
> Multiplexers/De-Multiplexers
> Optical Amplifiers

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Optical amplifiers, which help in realizing high-level photonic integration by compensating for optical losses from individual photonic elements is expected to exhibit maximum growth, expanding at a CAGR of 26.6% over the forecast period from 2015 to 2022.

Photonic IC Market, By Application

Optical Communication

> Fttx and Access Networks
> Microwave/RF Photonics
> Long-Haul and Transport Networks
> Optical Datacom

Sensing

> Structural Engineering
> Chemical Sensors
> Transport and Aerospace
> Energy and Utilities

Optical Signal Processing

> Optical Metrology
> Optical Instrumentation
> Quantum Optics
> Quantum Computing

Biophotonics

> Medical Instrumentation
> Photonic Lab-On-A-Chip
> Analytics and Diagnostics
> Optical Biosensors

Optical communications was the largest application segment in the photonic IC market, accounting for over half (58.6%) of the market revenue. It is expected to remain the largest application segment over the forecast period as a result of increasing demand from data center applications. Currently, sensing and biophotonics are the other major application segments, collectively accounting for around one-third (35.5%) of the global photonic IC market revenue. Although the current contribution from optical signal processing segment is the least, it is expected to witness healthy growth post commercialization of quantum computing.

By Region, North America was the largest photonic IC market 2013, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific. Although North America is expected to remain the largest photonic IC market by 2022, Asia Pacific is expected to witness healthy growth, outpacing North America and Europe. The growth in Asia Pacific can be majorly attributed to growing demand from data center and biophotonics applications.

Major Companies Contributing to the Photonic IC Market are:

> Infinera Corporation (the U.S.)
> Alcatel-Lucent S.A. (France)
> Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd (China)
> JDS Uniphase Corporation (the U.S.)
> Avago Technologies Ltd. (Singapore)
> Intel Corporation (the U.S.)
> NeoPhotonics Corporation (the U.S.)

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