According to doctors in Sri Lanka, a C-section, or caesarean section, is a surgical procedure used to deliver a baby through incisions made in the mother’s abdomen and uterus. It may be planned in advance for various reasons, such as previous C-sections, certain health conditions, or the baby’s position, or it may be performed as an emergency surgery in Sri Lanka during labour if complications arise.

Complications of C-Section Surgery
While C-sections can be life-saving, they also come with potential complications, including:
• Infection: The surgical site can become infected, and there is also a risk of infection in the uterus.
• Bleeding: There may be excessive bleeding during or after the surgery, which can require blood transfusions.
• Blood Clots: There is an increased risk of blood clots forming in the legs (deep vein thrombosis) or lungs (pulmonary embolism).
• Injury to Organs: Surrounding organs, such as the bladder or intestines, can be inadvertently injured during the procedure.
• Adhesions: Scar tissue may form, leading to complications in future surgeries or causing chronic pain.
• Longer Recovery Time: Recovery from a C-section generally takes longer than recovery from a vaginal delivery, which can affect the mother’s ability to care for her newborn.
• Anaesthesia Complications: There can be risks associated with anaesthesia, including allergic reactions or respiratory issues.
• Future Pregnancy Complications: Women who have had a C-section may face complications in future pregnancies, such as uterine rupture or placenta previa.
• Emotional Impact: Some women may experience feelings of disappointment or sadness if they had hoped for a vaginal delivery.

It is essential for expectant mothers to discuss the risks and benefits of C-sections with their healthcare providers to make informed decisions based on their specific circumstances, and have prescribed medications with them following the surgery from a reputed pharmacy in Colombo.

Why do back issues occur due to C-section surgery?
Back issues can occur after a C-section because of:
• Surgical Positioning: During a C-section, women are typically positioned on their backs, which can lead to strain on the lower back and surrounding muscles. This position can sometimes exacerbate pre-existing back issues or lead to new ones.
• Muscle Weakness: The abdominal muscles are cut during a C-section, which can lead to weakened core stability. Weak core muscles can contribute to poor posture and increased strain on the back.
• Changes in Posture: After surgery, women may alter their posture to accommodate pain or discomfort from the incision. This can lead to muscle imbalances and tension in the back.
• Reduced Mobility: Recovery from a C-section often involves limited mobility initially, which can lead to stiffness and tension in the back muscles. A lack of movement can also contribute to muscle atrophy, making it harder for the back to support the body effectively.
• Hormonal Changes: Pregnancy hormones, like relaxin, loosen ligaments and joints in preparation for childbirth. After a C-section, hormonal changes can persist, which may contribute to instability in the spine and pelvis, leading to discomfort.
• Scar Tissue Formation: Scar tissue can form after the incision heals, and in some cases, it may contribute to tightness or pulling in the abdominal and lower back muscles.
• Weight Changes: Postpartum weight changes, whether from retaining pregnancy weight or losing it quickly, can affect posture and load distribution on the spine, leading to back pain.
• Psychological Factors: The stress and emotional recovery from surgery can also manifest physically, contributing to muscle tension and back pain.

To manage and prevent back issues post-C-section, it is beneficial to engage in gentle exercises, maintain good posture, and consider physical therapy if needed. Consulting with healthcare providers through online doctor channelling in Sri Lanka, for personalised recovery plans is also essential.

When to worry about back pain after C-section surgery
After a C-section, it is normal to experience some level of discomfort or pain as part of the healing process. However, certain signs may indicate that the back pain could be more serious and warrant medical attention. Here are some situations to watch for:
• Severe or Worsening Pain: If the back pain is intense, does not improve with rest, or worsens over time, it is important to seek medical advice.
• Radiating Pain: Pain that radiates down the legs or into the hips may indicate nerve involvement, such as sciatica, and should be evaluated.
• Numbness or Tingling: Any numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs or feet could signal a more serious issue related to nerve compression or injury.
• Signs of Infection: If back pain is accompanied by fever, chills, redness, swelling, or discharge at the incision site, these could be signs of an infection.
• Persistent Pain: If the back pain persists beyond the normal recovery period (usually several weeks), it is worth consulting a healthcare provider to rule out underlying issues.
• Changes in Bowel or Bladder Function: Any difficulty urinating, incontinence, or changes in bowel habits could indicate a more serious problem that needs immediate attention.
• History of Back Issues: If you have a history of back problems and experience a recurrence of symptoms, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider.
• Emotional Distress: If the pain is affecting your emotional well-being or your ability to care for your baby, it is important to seek support.
• Difficulty Moving: If the back pain limits your mobility significantly or makes it difficult to perform daily activities, you should consult a healthcare provider.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is essential to contact your healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance. Early intervention can help address any underlying issues and facilitate a smoother recovery.