Haemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, are swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum or anus, which can manifest as external lumps around the anal opening or internal protrusions within the rectum. Key symptoms include rectal bleeding (often seen as bright red blood on toilet paper or in the toilet bowl), itching or irritation around the anal area, pain during bowel movements, and swelling near the anus. There are two primary types of haemorrhoids: internal haemorrhoids, which develop inside the rectum and may only be noticed if they prolapse, and external haemorrhoids, which form under the skin around the anus and can be painful. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, with procedures like sigmoidoscopy or anoscopy used to detect internal haemorrhoids. Factors contributing to their development include straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation or diarrhea, prolonged sitting or standing, obesity, pregnancy, and aging. Risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing haemorrhoids encompass family history, a sedentary lifestyle, low-fiber diets, chronic coughing, heavy lifting, and certain medical conditions like liver disease or inflammatory bowel disease.