A Look at Italy in History
Early Settlers in Italy

The first major settlers in Italy have been Etruscans. The Etruscans built settlements in the northern area of Italy prior to the sixth century B.C. Rome, called The Empire, was decided to expand its influence around the world, and thus made the Mediterranean advertisement, using the Mediterranean Sea for transaction of food, timber, tin, silver and cotton with other great states.

A Spiral Downward

Pressures from without and discord from inside contributed to the devastation of the empire from the fifth century. The Germans assumed power of Italy, representing the Eastern Emperor at Constantinople. They tried to maintain the Roman lifestyle alive, however. Following a few changes in power, Italy became broken up into several nations by the late nineteenth century.

During the upcoming millennium, Italy became a complex land with all the Holy Roman Empire and the Papacy taking control in the north and many distinct groups of folks taking over at the southwest, such as Muslims, Normans, Bourbons and many others.

Medieval Period in Italy

Charlemagne took charge of northern Italy during the eighth century. During the rest of the Medieval period, his successors attempted to reestablish imperial power as Rome had with no success.

Florence, Milan, Genoa and Venice became independent cities during the 11th century. Meanwhile in the South, Muslims took control of Sicily during the nineteenth century, then Normans took over in 1059, who controlled all the south.

Throughout the 12th century, Italy became a great centre of culture for Europe while under the ruler of Roger II. Throughout the 15th century, the popes had enormous influence on the diplomacy of Italy, and this period started to bloom in culture and art, thus causing the Italian Renaissance. Writers like Aristio, Guicciardini and Machiavelli came into surface, and popes supported artists such as Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael.

From the 16th century to the 18th century, the Spanish began to influence Italy more than the French Milan, Sicily and Naples being dominated by the Hapsburgs. Smaller states in Italy changed hands often, but the large states kept their liberty.

Following the Enlightenment of the 18th century, Hapsburg rule was contrasted. In 1861, Victor Emmanuel II was crowned as the first King of Italy, and Florence became the capital. Venice and Rome were not annexed completely until ten years later. Italy was declared a republic in 1946, together with all the Christian Democrat Party (DC) being the dominant party through the years.

Political and Economical Status of Italy Today

Italy today elects a President to get a seven-year duration. A Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is usually the leader of the dominating party. Since 1945, Italy has increased rapidly in manufacturing and engineering. Agriculturally, berries, wheat, sugar beet, grapes and maze are crucial plants in Italy today. Italy is a major wine producer in the world. Italy also conducts trade with European Union partners as well as other countries like Saudi Arabia, Libya, Canada, Russian Federation, United States and parts of Latin America.

Tourism in Italy is strong, and there are lots of popular tourist spots and towns that thrive on travellers every year. Resorts, restaurants, museums and attractions can be seen in almost every city and along many beaches in Italy. As history indicates, Italy's influence in Europe has been amazing, and remains powerful today.


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