Forensic science is an application of various scientific applications and techniques usually deployed to investigate criminal cases. According to legal standards of admissible evidence and criminal procedures, forensic technologies are used only in criminal side specifically during criminal investigation. Forensic experts gather, document, and analyze various scientific evidences during the course of investigation.

Forensic technology teams use various advanced technological solutions to recover, search, and analyze large complex data sets. A part of the team of forensic experts visits the crime scene to gather evidence while the rest work at the laboratory and perform analysis on various objects or samples obtained at the crime scene. The samples or objects usually considered for criminal evidence usually include fingerprints. Other samples such as hair or pieces of skin can be used for DNA testing, which can help identify various specifics such as gender and age of the subject.

Market Dynamics

The increasing acceptance of digital forensic in the information technology sector, is fueling growth of the global forensic technologies and services market. For instance, in 2015, according to the estimates, the research conducted by various forensic experts, regions participating in corporate crimes are North America 8%, Latin America 18%, Western Europe 22%, Middle East 5%, Eastern Europe 17%, Africa 10% and Asia Pacific 20%. DNA profiling plays a vital role solving crimes, which are otherwise considered to be extremely difficult to solve. This is a major factor propelling growth of the DNA profiling segment, a trend that is expected to sustain over the forecast period.

Strengthening Crime Laboratories: Collaboration between Industry and University

In crime laboratories across the U.S., scientists and technicians are working together on increasing the technologies that can be effectively used to bring criminals to justice and prevent the innocent from imprisonment. Advancements to bring new technologies in forensic science research and development (R&D) to solve and increase the reliability and efficiency of forensic testing. Various Institutions are being set up to further increase research related to forensic science. One such institute is National Institute of Justice (NIJ), which invested US$ 127 million between 2009 and 2014 in R&D. National Institute of Justice (NIJ) has entered into partnership with National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to develop new technologies in forensic science. In 2014, National Institute of Justice and National Science Foundation collectively introduced an Industry/ University Cooperative Research Center to enhance the university and industry collaboration in forensic science R&D and in education.

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Chemicals Analysis: A Fast Emerging Segment

Chemical analysis is a forensic study that has multiple applications in identification of illegal substances within the criminal justice system. The chemicals usually considered are used to examine the way the atoms and molecules in the sample interact and bond with each other. Forensic experts in the lab use these distinguishing features to identify substances using various advanced methods that can be replicated in the lab and thus, are presentable as evidence in court. Forensic chemistry covers analysis and detection of illegal drugs, explosives and poisons. In forensic drug chemistry, experts use scientific findings to help the jury pursue legal action against the suspected individual of a drug-related crime. The aim of the chemical analysis is to understand and determine whether the material submitted in the laboratories for clinical analysis contains an illegal substance and according, press charges against the guilty.

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