A rotary evaporator is a device which is used in the laboratories for efficient removal of solvents from a sample by the method of evaporation. The rotary evaporators also find use in molecular cooking where preparation of distillates and extracts are done.

UNDERSTANDING THE ROTARY EVAPORATOR

The rotary evaporator is an expensive apparatus which needs to be used with care. In order to understand the working of this instrument, it is necessary to know the design and the main components.

• The apparatus has a motor unit which rotates the flask containing the sample, from which the solvent has to be evaporated.

• Once the evaporation starts, a vapor duct is used from drawing off the vapor.
• A rotary evaporator also has a vacuum system which is used to reduce the pressure inside the evaporator system.

• The sample is heated by the use of a heated fluid bath; water is the most common fluid which is used.
• The apparatus also has a condenser with a coil passing coolant where coolant mixtures such as dry ice or acetone are placed.

• A collecting flask is placed at the bottom of the condenser which is used to catch the distilling solvent once it re-condenses.

Rotary evaporation is the process by which the volume of a solvent is reduced by disturbing it as a very thin film across a vessel’s interior. This process is carried out at reduced pressure and high temperature. This setup promotes a quick removal of excess solvent from those samples which are less volatile.
The basic principle of the rotary evaporator is that the reduction in distillation pressure helps in the evaporation process.

APPLICATION OF ROTARY EVAPORATOR

The rotary evaporator has widespread use in the laboratory as well as in factories. The most common and important application of a rotary evaporator is in the medical field, chemical engineering, manufacture of biological products, and during scientific research and production. Any industry needs to handle reaction solvents solvent and it can be done by evaporation, crystallization, drying separation and solvent recovery.
Laboratories are another place where rotary evaporators play a very significant role, especially for teaching purposes. In recent years, rotary evaporation is also being used in the cooking industry for molecular cooking. It involves the administration of the physical and chemical principle in the cooking industry.

The rotary evaporator can be used to evaporate liquid through a non-heating method. This allows the retention of volatile aromatic substances, which would otherwise have been lost due to direct heating.
The rotary evaporators are mostly applied for the separation of low boiling point solvents such as ethyl alcohol or butane from those compounds which are solid at room temperature.

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