Petroleum drill collar(www.baowi-steel.com) is an important tool in oil drilling. Its working principle, classification and purchase guide are very important knowledge points for practitioners in the field of petroleum engineering.
working principle
Oil drill collars are primarily used to drill holes into underground rocks so that oil or natural gas can be extracted from underground reservoirs. Its working principle is basically as follows:
Rotational force and downforce: Oil drill collars use rotational force and downforce to perform drilling operations. The rotational force is provided by the drilling platform or drilling rig, while the downforce is achieved by the weight of the drill collar and the pressure of the drilling fluid.
Drill bit: The bottom of the drill collar is the part where the drill bit is installed. The design and selection of the drill bit has a great impact on drilling efficiency and cost. Drill bits are usually made of carbide and are capable of drilling holes in underground rock.
Drilling fluid: During the drilling process, drilling fluid is injected into the drill collar, flushes the rock formation through the drill bit nozzle holes and brings the cuttings out of the surface, and at the same time plays a role in cooling and lubrication.
Lifting cuttings: After the drilling fluid brings the cuttings out of the surface, they are separated by a separation device so that the drilling fluid can be recycled.
Classification
Depending on the type of drill collar used and its working principle, petroleum drill collars can be divided into several main types:
Mechanical drill collar: Drilling mainly uses rotating drill bits and downward pressure. It is one of the most common drilling tools.
Hydraulic drill collar: Uses a hydraulic system to provide rotational force and downforce, and is suitable for certain drilling tasks that require high power and efficiency.
Drilling rig: Including land drilling rig and offshore drilling rig, the appropriate drilling rig type can be selected according to the working environment and needs.
Drill bit type: The type of drill bit includes drill bit shape (such as PDC drill bit, drill bit), drill bit size and material, etc. Choosing the appropriate drill bit is crucial to drilling efficiency and cost.
Buying Guide
There are several key factors to consider when choosing the right petroleum drill collar:
Drilling environment: Select the appropriate drill collar type and specification based on drilling geological conditions, well depth, well diameter, formation type and other factors.
Drill bit selection: Select the appropriate drill bit type, size and material according to the drilling geological conditions to ensure drilling efficiency and cost control.
Drilling fluid: Select the appropriate drilling fluid type and performance, including cooling, lubrication, suspending cuttings, and stabilizing the wellbore wall.
Safety and environmental protection: Ensure that the drill collars and related equipment purchased meet safety and environmental standards to ensure the safety and sustainability of drilling operations.
Supplier selection: Choose experienced and reputable suppliers or manufacturers to ensure product quality and after-sales service.
In general, as a key tool in petroleum engineering, the purchase and use of oil drill collars require comprehensive consideration of multiple factors such as the drilling environment, drill bit selection, drilling fluid, safety and environmental protection, etc., to ensure efficient, safe and reliable drilling operations. Continuous development.