A fistula is a medical condition when an irregular passage is formed between two parts of the internal body. Here, the epithelial lining of the body of the internal organs or the vessels is linked. The epithelium is nothing but the inner- lining of the organs. The tissues line the internal parts and help in the different functions like forming glands, secretion, selective absorption, etc. Now, when the epithelium of two organs are connected abnormally (due to illness, injury, or other reasons), there’s an uncontrolled exchange of fluids, liquids.

When an Anal Fistula is developed, an unnatural linkage is created between the surface of the anal canal & the skin surrounding the anus. This may obstruct the outlet for excretion and may guide to the abscess. In the absence of treatment, the abscess can lead to the creation of pus or clotting. The most common fistula symptoms here would be a pain, irritation, spreading of the infection, and other identical problems. The healing is often delayed because of the prolonged filling of stool, urine, or other body fluids into cavities. Sometimes, they may break through any feasible opening resulting in further infection. Patients already undergoing diseases like Crohn's disease, Ulcerative diseases, cancers, or inflammatory bowel diseases have a tendency to form fistulae easily. They can be singular or multiple in nature.

The most recognized treatment is surgery which is decided to rely upon the acuteness of the situation & the suffering of the individual. In an aggravated condition where the tract is draining body fluid without central control, surgery is the ideal solution to the discomfort. It has also been noticed that in rare conditions, the vagina or other pelvic regions may be connected to the anal-epithelium due to the fistulae.

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