Black tea is a type of tea that is made from fresh leaves of the tea tree as raw materials and processed through a series of processes such as withering, rolling, fermentation, and drying.

During the fermentation stage, after the mechanically damaged tea tissue is fully contacted with its endogenous polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), β-glucosidase, etc., the tea polyphenols, mainly catechins, in the fresh leaves will be enzymatically oxidized to produce some new substances, such as thearubigins, theaflavins, etc.

The components contained in black tea give it a variety of health care functions, one of which is the physiological regulation of the gastrointestinal tract and disease prevention. The functional ingredients of black tea can improve the structure of intestinal flora by inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria and promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria. Protects the gastrointestinal mucosa by preventing tissue oxidation and repairing oxidative damage, and interacting with substances such as gastric mucus and glutathione. By interacting with digestive enzymes, it promotes gastrointestinal motility to regulate digestion and absorption. Prevent gastrointestinal disease through interactions with immune system regulators, related transcription factors and a range of enzymes.

Black tea can improve intestinal flora
The human intestinal tract is home to a large number of microorganisms, thousands of complex ecosystems, and various bacteria antagonize and cooperate with each other to maintain a balanced state.

These microorganisms not only exchange materials and information with each other, but also communicate with host cells and participate in the regulation of host metabolism, gene and protein expression. Therefore, changes in intestinal flora are very important to human health. A large number of in vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that drinking black tea in moderation can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria while killing or inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria, thereby keeping the intestinal flora relatively stable.

Studies have shown that black tea has a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of harmful microorganisms in the intestines. The main antibacterial components are black tea polyphenols and tea pigments. The antibacterial mechanisms of these two substances are similar, mainly by interacting with biofilms, enzymes and other substances to interfere with the metabolism and growth of microorganisms.

In the same environment, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria can provide relatively favorable conditions for the growth of beneficial bacteria. The complex polyphenol system in black tea can regulate the growth of beneficial bacteria in the human intestinal microbiota, such as lactobacilli and bifidobacteria.

Black tea can protect gastrointestinal mucous membrane
The gastrointestinal mucosa has a special protection mechanism for the stomach and intestinal tract. The intestinal mucosa has mechanical barriers, immune barriers and biological barriers. The normal operation of these three barriers maintains the dynamic balance and function of the intestinal environment. The gastric mucosa has two barriers, which work together to isolate the external environment, prevent the body from being invaded by harmful substances, and maintain normal gastric function.

We all know that tea polyphenols, caffeine, etc. have a certain irritating effect on the gastrointestinal tract, but the caffeine in black tea soup interacts with the complex polyphenol system to form a complex, which alleviates the irritation to the gastrointestinal tract. Studies have found that drinking a certain amount of black tea on an empty stomach can prevent intestinal mucosal atrophy. The hot water extract of black tea also has anti-ulcer properties.

Black tea can adjust digestion and absorption
The nutrients needed by the human body are basically taken in through the gastrointestinal tract, which is the most important digestive organ. Studies have found that the aromatic substances in black tea can stimulate the secretion of gastric juice, and caffeine can enhance intestinal motility and combine with organic acids or inorganic salts in the intestines to accelerate food digestion. In addition, substances such as tea pigments and residual polyphenols in black tea can also inhibit the activity of some digestive enzymes.

Black tea can inhibit the absorption of fat to a certain extent and can also speed up its metabolism in the body. Substances such as tea polyphenols and polyphenol polymers in black tea can prevent obesity caused by diet by inhibiting the absorption of fat in the intestines. Black tea extract can also accelerate gastrointestinal peristalsis, which has a certain intestinal moisturizing effect. Thearubigins accelerate the excretion of acidic steroids, and the active ingredients in black tea may promote the excretion of steroids in the feces, thereby reducing liver lipid content. Another study found that the combination of EGCG and glucosamine-6-phosphate can inhibit adipocyte differentiation by reducing adipogenesis and the expression of adipogenesis-related genes, and affecting cell cycle arrest.

Black tea can prevent gastrointestinal diseases
Inflammatory bowel disease is a common intestinal disease with clinical manifestations such as diarrhea and abdominal pain. It is mainly caused by intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction and abnormal immune response. It is generally believed to be related to various factors such as environment, genetics, infection and immunity. . Black tea not only has a preventive effect on inflammation, but also has a certain therapeutic effect. Experiments have shown that thearubigins can improve diarrhea and colon structure damage caused by inflammation.

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